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成都市社区老年人认知功能受损状况及影响因素研究
Cognitive Impairments and Associated Factors in Community-dwelling Elderly in Chengdu, Sichuan
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摘要: 目的 了解成都市社区老年人的认知功能受损状况，并探讨其影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样的方法随机抽取成都市锦江区60岁及以上的社区老年人，并进行面对面现场问卷调查，以了解成都市社区老年人的认知功能受损状况；采用χ2 检验和多因素logistic回归分析，分析成都市社区老年人认知功能受损的分布特征，探索影响成都市社区老年人认知功能的影响因素。结果 成都市社区老年人认知功能受损患病率为40.9%。多因素logistic回归分析显示，以文盲为对照，小学文化程度的老年人出现认知功能受损的风险更低OR=0.369，POR=1.505，P=0.042，≥80岁：OR=3.069，POR=2.159，P=0.003）、吸烟OR=2.388，POR=0.489，P=0.005）。结论 成都市社区老年人的认知功能受损率较高，对文盲、70岁以上者、女性、吸烟者、脑血管疾病者应重点关注。Abstract: Objective To determine the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairments in the community-dwelling elderly aged 60 years or older in Chengdu of Sichuan province. Methods A random cluster sampling strategy was adopted to select 621 community-dwelling elderly. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to assess the cognitive status of the participants. 2 tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with cognitive impairments. Results About 40.9% of the participants had cognitive impairments. Those attended primary schools had a lower risk of cognitive impairments 〔odds ratio OR)=0.369， POR=1.505 for 70-79 years, P=0.042; OR=3.069 for ≥80 years, POR=2.159， P=0.003) and smoking OR=2.388， POR=0.489， P=0.005) of cognitive impairments than women. Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive impairments in community-dwelling elderly in Chengdu is high in comparison with those in other cities. Illiteracy, older age (over 70 years), women, smoking, and cerebrovascular disease are risk factors of cognitive impairments.
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